Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice

Register      Login

VOLUME 10 , ISSUE 3 ( September-December, 2016 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Current Imaging Modalities for assessing Ocular Blood Flow in Glaucoma

Chirayu Mohindroo

Keywords : Color Doppler imaging, Glaucoma, Ocular perfusion pressure, Retrobulbar blood flow

Citation Information : Mohindroo C. Current Imaging Modalities for assessing Ocular Blood Flow in Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2016; 10 (3):104-112.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1210

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-08-2019

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2016; The Author(s).


Abstract

Glaucoma may be caused by an interplay of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), vascular, genetic, anatomical, brain, and immune factors. The direct assessment of ocular hemodynam-ics offers promise for glaucoma detection, differentiation, and possibly new treatment modalities. All the methods currently in use to measure ocular blood flow have inherent limitations and measure different aspects of ocular blood flow. This review article attempts to provide detailed information on ocular perfu-sion pressure as well as an overview of the newly developed imaging technologies used to investigate ocular blood flow in glaucoma patients.


PDF Share
  1. Caprioli J, Coleman AL; Blood Flow in Glaucoma Discussion. Blood pressure, perfusion pressure, and glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 2010 May;149(5):704-712.
  2. Sehi M. Basic technique and anatomically imposed limitations of confocal scanning laser Doppler flowmetry at the optic nerve head level. Acta Ophthalmol 2011 Feb;89(1):e1-e11.
  3. Abegão Pinto L, Willekens K, Van Keer K, Shibesh A, Molenberghs G, Vandewalle E, Stalmans I. Ocular blood flow in glaucoma – the Leuven Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2016 Feb 19. doi: 10.1111/aos.12962 [Epub ahead of print].
  4. Fan N, Wang P, Tang L, Liu X. Ocular blood flow and normal tension glaucoma. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:308505.
  5. Zvia Burgansky–Eliash, Elisha Bartov, Adiel Barak, Amiram Grinvald & Dan Gaton (2015): Blood-Flow Velocity in Glaucoma Patients Measured with the Retinal Function Imager, Current Eye Research, DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1080278
  6. Kuerten D, Fuest M, Koch EC, Koutsonas A, Plange N. Retrobulbar hemodynamics and visual field progression in normal tension glaucoma: a long-term follow-up study. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:158097.
  7. Samsudin A, Isaacs N, Tai ML, Ramli N, Mimiwati Z, Choo MM. Ocular perfusion pressure and ophthalmic artery flow in patients with normal tension glaucoma. BMC Ophthalmol 2016 Apr;16:39.
  8. Bossuyt J, Vandekerckhove G, De Backer TLM, et al. Vascular Dysregulation in Normal-Tension Glaucoma Is Not Affected by Structure and Function of the Microcirculation or Macrocirculation at Rest: A Case–Control Study. Ikonomidis. I, ed. Medicine 2015;94(2):e425.
  9. Plange N, Kaup M, Weber A, Harris A, Arend KO, Remky A. Performance of colour Doppler imaging discriminating normal tension glaucoma from healthy eyes. Eye (Lond). 2009 Jan;23(1):164-70.
  10. Butt Z, O'Brien C, McKillop G, Aspinall P, Allan P. Color Doppler imaging in untreated high- and normal-pressure open-angle glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997 Mar;38(3):690-696.
  11. Zeitz O, Galambos P, Wagenfeld L, Wiermann A, Wlodarsch P, Praga R, Matthiessen ET, Richard G, Klemm M. Glaucoma progression is associated with decreased blood flow velocities in the short posterior ciliary artery. Br J Ophthalmol 2006 Oct;90(10):1245-1248.
  12. Iwase T, Ra E, Yamamoto K, Kaneko H, Ito Y, Terasaki H. Differences of retinal blood flow between arteries and veins determined by laser speckle flowgraphy in healthy subjects. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015 Aug;94(33):e1256.
  13. Shiga Y, Asano T, Kunikata H, Nitta F, Sato H, Nakazawa T, Shimura M. Relative flow volume, a novel blood flow index in the human retina derived from laser speckle flowgraphy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014 May;55(6):3899-3904.
  14. Aizawa N, Yokoyama Y, Chiba N, Omodaka K, Yasuda M, Otomo T, Nakamura M, Fuse N, Nakazawa T. Reproducibility of retinal circulation measurements obtained using laser speckle flowgraphy-NAVI in patients with glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2011;5:1171-1176.
  15. Yokoyama Y, Aizawa N, Chiba N, Omodaka K, Nakamura M, Otomo T, Yokokura S, Fuse N, Nakazawa T. Significant correlations between optic nerve head microcirculation and visual field defects and nerve fiber layer loss in glaucoma patients with myopic glaucomatous disk. Clin Ophthalmol 2011;5:1721-1727.
  16. Aizawa N, Kunikata H, Shiga Y, Yokoyama Y, Omodaka K, Nakazawa T. Correlation between structure/function and optic disk microcirculation in myopic glaucoma, measured with laser speckle flowgraphy. BMC Ophthalmol 2014 Sep;14:113.
  17. Matthiessen ET, Zeitz O, Richard G, Klemm M. Reproducibility of blood flow velocity measurements using colour decoded Doppler imaging. Eye (Lond) 2004 Apr;18(4):400-405.
  18. Xu S, Huang S, Lin Z, Liu W, Zhong Y. Color Doppler imaging analysis of ocular blood flow velocities in normal tension glaucoma patients: a meta-analysis. J Ophthalmol 2015;2015:919610.
  19. Galassi F, Sodi A, Ucci F, Renieri G, Pieri B, Baccini M. Ocular hemodynamics and glaucoma prognosis: a color Doppler imaging study. Arch Ophthalmol 2003 Dec;121(12):1711-1715.
  20. Marjanovic I, Milic N, Martinez A, Benitez-del-Castillo J. Retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters in open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma patients. Eye 2012;26(4):523-528.
  21. Tayyari F, Yusof F, Vymyslicky M, Tan O, Huang D, Flanagan JG, Hudson C. Variability and repeatability of quantitative, Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography Doppler blood flow in young and elderly healthy subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014 Oct;55(12):7716-7725.
  22. Wang Y, Fawzi AA, Varma R, Sadun AA, Zhang X, Tan O, Izatt JA, Huang D. Pilot study of optical coherence tomography measurement of retinal blood flow in retinal and optic nerve diseases. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011 Feb;52(2):840-845.
  23. Hwang JC, Konduru R, Zhang X, Tan O, Francis BA, Varma R, Sehi M, Greenfield DS, Sadda SR, Huang D. Relationship among visual field, blood flow, and neural structure measurements in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012 May;53(6):3020-3026.
  24. Dai C, Liu X, Zhang HF, Puliafito CA, Jiao S. Absolute retinal blood flow measurement with a dual-beam Doppler optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013 Dec;54(13):7998-8003.
  25. Feke GT, Riva CE. Laser Doppler measurements of blood velocity in human retinal vessels. J Opt Soc Am 1978 Apr;68(4):526-531.
  26. Guan K, Hudson C, Flanagan JG. Variability and repeatability of retinal blood flow measurements using the Canon Laser Blood Flowmeter. Microvasc Res 2003 May;65(3):145-151.
  27. Milbocker MT, Feke GT, Goger DG. Laser Doppler velocimetry stabilized in one dimension. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1991 Sep;38(9):928-930.
  28. Grunwald JE. Effect of two weeks of timolol maleate treatment on the normal retinal circulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1991 Jan;32(1):39-45.
  29. Rassam SMB, Patel V, Kohner EM. The effect of acetazolamide on the retinal circulation. Eye (Lond) 1993;7(Pt 5):697-702.
  30. Grunwald JE, Delehanty J. Effect of topical carteolol on the normal human retinal circulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1992 May;33(6):1853-1856.
  31. Pemp B, Garhofer G, Lasta M, Schmidl D, Wolzt M, Schmetterer L. The effects of moxaverine on ocular blood flow in patients with age-related macular degeneration or primary open angle glaucoma and in healthy control subjects. Acta Ophthalmol 2012 Mar;90(2):139-145.
  32. Kagemann L, Harris A, Chung HS, Evans D, Buck S, Martin B. Heidelberg retinal flowmetry: factors affecting blood flow measurement. Br J Ophthalmol 1998 Feb;82(2):131-136.
  33. Michelson G, Welzenbach J, Pal I, Harazny J. Automatic full field analysis of perfusion images gained by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry. Br J Ophthalmol 1998 Nov;82(11): 1294-1300.
  34. Logan JF, Rankin SJ, Jackson AJ. Retinal blood flow measurements and neuroretinal rim damage in glaucoma Br J Ophthalmol 2004;88:1049-1054.
  35. Kanakamedala P, Harris A, Siesky B, Tyring A, Muchnik M, Eckert G, Abrams Tobe L. Optic nerve head morphology in glaucoma patients of African descent is strongly correlated to retinal blood flow. Br J Ophthalmol 2014 Nov;98(11): 1551-1554.
  36. Chhablani J, Bartsch DU, Cheng L, Gomez L, Alshareef RA, Rezeq SS, Garq SJ, Burqansky-Eliash Z, Freeman WR. Segmental reproducibility of retinal blood flow velocity measurements using retinal function imager. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2013 Dec;251(12):2665-2670.
  37. Burgansky-Eliash Z, Nelson DA, Bar-Tal OP, Lowenstein A, Grinvald A, Barak A. Reduced retinal blood flow velocity in diabetic retinopathy. Retina 2010 May;30(5):765-773.
  38. Nelson DA, Krupsky S, Pollack A, Aloni E, Belkin M, Vanzetta I, Rosner M, Grinvald A. Special report: noninvasive multiparameter functional optical imaging of the eye. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005 Jan-Feb; 36(1):57-66.
  39. Burgansky-Eliash Z, Bartov E, Barak A, Grinvald A, Gaton D. Blood-flow velocity in glaucoma patients measured with the retinal function imager. Curr Eye Res 2016 Jul;41(7):965-970.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.